Two-cycle explosive-engine.



J. L. CAMPBELL. TWO-CYCLE BXPLOSIVE ENGINE. 'APPLIOATION FILED JULYJD. 191.2.

JAMES LEONARD CAMPBELL, 0F BARRYTON, MICHIGAN.

TWO-CYCLE EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1913.

Appllatlon illed July 10, 1912. Serial No. 708,683.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES LEONARD CAMP- nELL, a citizen of the United States of America, residin at Bari'yton, in the county of Mecosta an State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Two- Cycle Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and has particular application to two cycle en ines.

The primary object of my invention .is the rovision of an explosive engine wherein the ignition of the charge within the cylinder will be under the control of the valve actuating mechanism and in which the time of ignition may be regulated at will with respect to the position of the piston within the cylinder, t ereby enabling the ignition of the charge to be brought about at any desired time in the stroke of the piston, that is to say, retarded or advanced.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth in and falling within the sco e of the claim.

n the accompanying drawing; Figure 1 is a side elevation of an explosive engine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fi 2 is a, central Vertical sectional view of t ie same, and Fig. 3 is a view of a detail of the invention.

Two cycle internal combustion engines, heretofore constructed, waste more or less of the explosive mixture utilized for motive power, such wastefulness being due, to a great extent, to the way in whlch the mixture is introduced into the explosive chamber or cylinder. By means of m invention, I eliminate this objectionable eature and other objectionable characteristics inherent in two cycle combustion engines and at the same time do not impair the workingb or power giving qualities of the engine, ut in fact iave greatly increased the eiiiciency of two cycle engines and reduced an engine wherein the .output o power is commensurate with the consumption of motivil Huid. In two cycle engines, the piston and other working parts soon become overheated, incident to the engine having a power stroke in each revolution of the crank shaft and the piston rings under the excessive heat become a menace .as they easily vlose .their .temper and therefore effectiveness.

With my engine, however, the fresh gases enter the explosion chamber or cylinder through the piston and such mixture tends to cool the iston and its associated parts, thereby avoiding the above-mentioned dilliculties and disadvantages usually encountered in this type of motor.

The intake valve is preferably opened under the pressure of the compressed gases in the crank case, while the exhaust valve is mechanically opened at cach revolution of the engine crank shaft and as the exhaust valve is not opened until the piston is practically at the limit or end of the power stroke, the exhaust valve bein located preferably in the head of the cy inder, the incoming gases effectively remove the spent or burnt (gases from the cylinder previous to a succee ing explosion.

Referring now to the accompanying drawing in det-ail, the numeral l indicates the engine cylinder having formed in the head thereof an exhaust port 2 controlled by an inwardly opening exhaust valve 3 normally held against its seat by an expansion spring or the like 4 surrounding the stem 5 of the valve, said stem extending outwardly of the cylinder head and terminating in a head 6 between which and the adjacent portion of the cylinder head, the spring is interposed.

The numeral 7 designates the crank case of the engine which, in the present instance, is arranged beneath the cylinder and is dcsigned to have communication therewith. This crank case is adapted to receive the explosive mixture from a carburetor or other suitable form of mixing device and is formed with an intake port 8 controlled by means of an inwardly opening inlet valve 9, such valve being held normally closed bv means of a spring l0 or the like surrounding the stein thereof and having one end abutting a spider ll formed in a connecting pipe 12, while the other end of such spring engages a head on the valve stein, the connecting pipe 12 heilig adapted for communication wt the carburetor. Mounted within the cylinder 1. and adapted for reci )rocation therein is a piston 1B formed with an inlet port 14 controlled by means of a ressure o ierated valve 15 carried by the piston and a apted to open in the downward morcment thereof to establish communication between the cylinder and the crank casu, whereby the gases in the crunk case, undcr compression, due to the downward .movegases may be Adischarged from the cylinder' ment 'ofthe piston'witmn the `:ylinde1 may .beforcei ihtothefexplosion chamber ofthe cylinder. .Iournaledin theend walls ofthe l crank case-7 is` a `crank shaft lf3-having. connections with the .pistonA 1 3' lthrough 'the medi'um of :a pitlnan 17. 4 'lhe exhaust valve 3 is mechanically@operated t open-position and. against the Iaction of ;tl i fe lpring 4 and is preferablycontrolledby the crank shaft oftheengneifsof.fthat the 'urnt or spent at the proper time in the strokeof the piston.

" -'Mounted upon the 'cylinder-head adjacent the head 6 onthe valve. stern .5 is astanda'rdor'bracket -18 Ajupon.. which.l vis pivotally mounted a .rocker :arm ,'19 havingfone end in, i engagement .'.with the head 6 of the exhaust" Y valve stemi, `while the opposite extremity zon,

'with aroller22 and held 1n proper position has pivotally-connected theretol as at an ac ltuating 'shaft`21 equipped at its free extremity upon-the engine by means of alink' 23 piv.v o tedl at' one -end tothe actuating lever' and "at its opposite'el'idv to the adjacent portion fof the cylinder, a tension device as a` spring 24 being "connected to the link andthe .cyl-Q.'` inder and acting to hold the ,valve-actuating,

' -l'everjinoperative' and the-,freeend of the' -rockerarm away Vfrom ythe head onthe ex haust valye stem; The roller 22 on the free v endof the valveactuating lever is-disposed-- I within theinfluence of a cam'25keyed upon vsii one l,end ofthe crankshaft beyond the crank case -and adapted tof rotate with the crank shaft andim'part a sliding movement to the 'valve A'actuating,shaft Y2l to rocklthearm .19

1 valve and .release such valve.

The operation of my engine thus far de-iy scri-bed may be briefly stated as follows: On

the upward stroke of thepiston, a charge of the. explosive mixture is'drawn intol the crank case through the intake va1ve'9 which i latter, when not in'operation, is held closed stroke also compresses the charge lof the exf' plosive mixture previously admitted to the by the spring 10. The Vpiston on its upward cylinderand at the proper timey this charge 'ise'xplodedand the piston forced to the- 50.

lower'end ofthe cylinder, compressing the charge `-of the Vexplosive `agent previously drawn intothe crankv case.` "When the piston isfat 'approximately the limit of its power strokethe ca`m` 25 engages the roller 22:and slidesthevalve actuating lever l 2,1 .withthe effect'to Arock the rocker arm 119A taneously with the opening of the exhaust crank caseescapes 'or 1s driveny into the cyllvalve, the pressure in the cylinder being re- 'il-eased, therharge ofthe mixture in theder through the intake "porti/l in thep'isj tonfthe incoming gases forcing theburnt; fof, spent products of' comhu'stiomitwaidly "et the cylinder by way/er rnefanaaereortf therein' 'and completely eifectiv'ely. scavenging' or lcleaning such cylinder of the .inert gases, the fresh charge--v'-replacing, the* burnt InA the initial upward inovernent'of the? -pl'ston to compress the fresh gases'ggt actuating lever is-relieved of the i 'ence of the caln and' the exhaust-'valveclosed under .the vaction of the spring 4 the {rexhaust valve being'so timed relatively tothe stroke of the piston, that-,the burnt gases .are completely, discharged from the cylin# --der without removinganyof the live gas.

In order to ignitethe charge inthe cyl-l inder at theproper time,th e ignition apparatus is preferably controlled bythe exhaustvalve mechanls'm and inthe present instance is underthe influence' of the cam 25 and includes a sparkxplug 26 connected by way of a wire-27 with on'e'contact 28 of aa'niake-.and break .device adapted `to .be

actuated by the, canil 25, vthe other. Contact 29 of Isuch device being spaced apart from the contact 28 and connected way 'of va wire- 30 with a suitable. source of electrical energy; ,The contacts 2 8 and 29 .are preferably mountedupon a block of linsulating mate-y v.rial 3l rigidly lsecuredt'o .a 'support 32 pivfoted as at 33' in proximity `to the-cam 25 'and `also ',pivotally connectedas at 34 to a link 35, the-.latter in turn being pivoted as at 36 to a' controlling lever 37. Thus, the

` contacts 281an'd 29 may bemovdor swung,

about the' pivot 33.,.soA as to beengaged or f actuated`l by the cam 2,5 sooner orlater, as

`desired whereby the Ltime lof the vexplosion in the cylinder may beadvanced or retarded, as .will be readily understood .by thosey skilled -in the artl to which the invention appertains, the contact 29, of course, being engaged by the cam :25 and movable into con-v 'tact'w-ith the contact 28 so as to complete `claim and without departing from the spirit of *the invention.- v

-In an explosive -engine thecombination with a cylinder,- av piston within-the cylinder, a crank-shaft, a .conne'ctio-n.between the lcrankshaft and the'piston, an-exhaust valve in' thecylinder, of a cam connected to lsaid 4'crank:shaftfforj operating said exhaust valve,

afspark plug arranged within the cylinder,

support-fulcrum'ed at one end upon said crank shaft .and depending therefrom, a.

" A,alve

block carried by' saic suppoft, contacts cal 1 vcut'at the eontzxcts under the action of the red by said block and nomaly spaced @um may be varied. yl() aparty and connected in circuit with said In testimony whereof I ax my signaspark plug; said contacts being disposed-n ture in presence of two Witnesses.

the path of movement of 'said cam, and JAMES LEQNARD CAMPBELL. means connected to the opposite endet said I `Wtnesses-r support for swinging the latter about the JAMES L. CAMPBELL.

crank shaft whereby the cesngof the Cir- G. SIMS. 

